Toddler Drowning Prevention: Commercial Swim Pools & Wristbands
Surprisingly using a simple water proof paper wristband may be a key factor in toddler drowning prevention. It certainly has been helpful at my pool. Let me tell you just how with a possible explanation as to why.
This statistic is so impressive that as a result of a recent pool drowning inquest here in Victoria, Life Save Victoria (LSV - The peak reference body when to come to drowning prevention in the state of Victoria, Australia) are making significant change to their supervision policy; using the WA system. One of those policy changes is the use of wristbands as WA have been using them for some time.
The children must be kept in arms reach at all times and if the child is in the water a person over the age of 16 must be in the water with them.
It then becomes up to all other staff to enforce; but mostly the Life Guards.
The increase in adult participation in the water has been outstanding. We have gone from a place where Life Guards are expected to be Baby sitters, having to deal with many scary situations of children casually wandering into the deep end and other high risk situations, to a place that is much, lower risk and an apparent higher toddler drowning prevention.
To help alleviate this there are large informational signs distributed around the center. Also support from management making it policy that if a child is not wearing a band somewhere visible on their person and they as not within arms reach of a person over 16 they are not allowed in the water or must be removed from it.
I have come up with some scripts (See below) as well that I have found very helpful; to the point that, so far I have received a great deal less negative response.
Everyone CSO’s, Swim teachers, LG’s, DM’S and everybody else in the pool must be on board with the under 5 year old's wearing wristbands or it will breakdown and no longer function as a safety device.
Customers have to be informed that there are no exceptions to the rule. A child whether in swim class or not, must be wearing a wristband, be in arms reach and if in the water, must have a carers over 16 in the water with them.
There can be leeway in the placement of the bands, in that children who refuse to have it on their wrist can have it place elsewhere on the child's body or even on their bathing suits, even if they have to be placed out of sight to the child, such as behind them.
These are the ones that I have found to work most effectively for me with the least amount of push back, in that 99% of the people I have asked in this way have happily complied. I don’t suggest that they are perfect and I am always happy to experiment with new versions to see if they are more effective, but I would recommend that these or some other similar standardized script be used with customers.
I think that standardizing such conversation not only presents a united front but also make it easier to handle confronting situations. That is, not only do the right words breakdown potential tense situations but having a standard script gives our staff the ability to fall back on what they have been trained to say; rather than trying to think of something when under pressure.
It is useful to know all the reasons for the wrist band policy and it would probably be useful to have them listed somewhere should it become necessary to direct customers to it. However, unless they ask we don’t need to give the customer too much information. Most do not want long explanations and feel patronized if you try to give them one. Beside all the information above as to why we use wristbands would, in most cases be overload when talking to customers.
Hence the need for a script; something that concisely states what we need customers to know but won’t burden them with verbosity.
“Hello Mum” [or “Dad”]
“Is this little one yours?”
“How old are they may I ask?”
“Did you get a wristband for them?” “I can get you one if you like”
“Children under 5 are our customer at greatest risk. We have less than 20 seconds to identify that they are in difficulty. Could I ask you to put it on them please?”
“I wonder if you are aware that you or another adult is required to be in the water with your child and in arms reach at all times?”
“Could you do me a big favor and arrange for yourself or someone over 16 to be in the water with your child even if they are just wading with them and keeping them in arms reach?”
{You must wait for a response at the end of each question! Even if you are sure you know the answer. You need to be respectful. Doing anything else is just presumptive and rude and will almost always result in negative reactions}
{When offering to make arrangements for a wristband make sure you do so as necessary. Failing to do so indicates you are not really interested in the child’s safety and if anything happens the consequences could be on your head}
{Giving a reason for your request straight up, stops further questioning and potential confrontation}
{Regardless of the answer to the “I wonder if...” question you always give the response “could you do me a big favor...”}
{Make sure you use the terms “in arms reach” not “in arms length” the latter is too open for misinterpretation}
{Putting things in the form of a request, even if it isn’t one, usually defuses the situation and improves the chances of compliance}
Toddler Drowning Prevention Introduction
There have been over 40 drowning in Australia from 2003 - 2016. That's just in commercial swimming pools. However none of those drownings came from the state of Western Australia (WA); where there have been 0. Yes I did say zero. (From the article Drowning Prevention; it’s all in the wrist. Reprinted here)This statistic is so impressive that as a result of a recent pool drowning inquest here in Victoria, Life Save Victoria (LSV - The peak reference body when to come to drowning prevention in the state of Victoria, Australia) are making significant change to their supervision policy; using the WA system. One of those policy changes is the use of wristbands as WA have been using them for some time.
Why Enforce The Wearing of Wristbands?
- They allow for quick easy identification of our most at risk swimmers; those under 5 years of age; of whom we only have less than 20 seconds to stop them from drowning. It is not always easy to tell if a child is under 5 or younger
- They put the parent on notice that we are paying special attention to their child
- They are a quick and easy identification of the customers that are doing the right thing and staying with their child in the water
- In exactly the same way as above they are a quick and easy way to identify the customers not doing the right thing
- They give the Life Guard(LG) something else to look for when patrolling the pool. Thus it helps them be more alert to our most at risk patrons
- It raises the attention of all customers in the centre toward the highest risk swimmers and therefore dramatically increases the number of eyes watching
- LG's are responsible for up to 100 people and the more eyes that are on younger swimmers the lower the risk of something bad happening
- It has been shown to help keep children safer
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| It reads: If You can't read this you are too far away |
Intended Use of Wrist Bands
The idea is that front of office staff or the Customers Service Officer (CSO), hands out the wristbands at the front desk, with a brief explanation as to what they are for and how they should be used by parents and guardians; that is, they are placed on the child's wrist and the instructions: "If you can't reach me you are too far away" are followed. | ||
| If You Can't Reach Close Up |
It then becomes up to all other staff to enforce; but mostly the Life Guards.
The Benefits of This Policy
In my 12 years service with my current swim centre it has always been the policy that parents and guardians of children 4 and under should be in the water with their children. It has only been since the implementation of the wrist band policy however, that it has been enforceable.The increase in adult participation in the water has been outstanding. We have gone from a place where Life Guards are expected to be Baby sitters, having to deal with many scary situations of children casually wandering into the deep end and other high risk situations, to a place that is much, lower risk and an apparent higher toddler drowning prevention.
The Not So Good Side of The Policy
The biggest drawback to this policy is the push back (negative response) we sometimes get from some customers. CSO's and in particular Lifeguards have all at some time, been on the receiving end of negative and sometimes very aggressive negative responses.To help alleviate this there are large informational signs distributed around the center. Also support from management making it policy that if a child is not wearing a band somewhere visible on their person and they as not within arms reach of a person over 16 they are not allowed in the water or must be removed from it.
I have come up with some scripts (See below) as well that I have found very helpful; to the point that, so far I have received a great deal less negative response.
The Need For A United Front
This policy is only ever works if a united front is presented. It is only human nature to look for the weakest link and exploit it. It matters little whether this exploitation is intentional or not, only that no matter how important a process is, even if it saves the life of a child, someone will try to find a way around it. A united front is the only way to overcome this natural resistance.Everyone CSO’s, Swim teachers, LG’s, DM’S and everybody else in the pool must be on board with the under 5 year old's wearing wristbands or it will breakdown and no longer function as a safety device.
Customers have to be informed that there are no exceptions to the rule. A child whether in swim class or not, must be wearing a wristband, be in arms reach and if in the water, must have a carers over 16 in the water with them.
There can be leeway in the placement of the bands, in that children who refuse to have it on their wrist can have it place elsewhere on the child's body or even on their bathing suits, even if they have to be placed out of sight to the child, such as behind them.
The Need for Scripts
As mentioned above, I have a number of suggested scripts for staff to follow. These scripts are ones that I have worked on for quite a while now, both when acting as a Duty Manager, CSO and LG; believing that there is always a better way to approach people.These are the ones that I have found to work most effectively for me with the least amount of push back, in that 99% of the people I have asked in this way have happily complied. I don’t suggest that they are perfect and I am always happy to experiment with new versions to see if they are more effective, but I would recommend that these or some other similar standardized script be used with customers.
I think that standardizing such conversation not only presents a united front but also make it easier to handle confronting situations. That is, not only do the right words breakdown potential tense situations but having a standard script gives our staff the ability to fall back on what they have been trained to say; rather than trying to think of something when under pressure.
It is useful to know all the reasons for the wrist band policy and it would probably be useful to have them listed somewhere should it become necessary to direct customers to it. However, unless they ask we don’t need to give the customer too much information. Most do not want long explanations and feel patronized if you try to give them one. Beside all the information above as to why we use wristbands would, in most cases be overload when talking to customers.
Hence the need for a script; something that concisely states what we need customers to know but won’t burden them with verbosity.
The Scripts:
A CSO Approach Customers
“Here is a wrist band for your child [children]. It is so the life guards can quickly identify those under 5 as they are our highest risk customers. And Of course you know that you need to keep the child in arms reach at all times and if they are in the water an adult 'Must' be in the water with them. Thank you”A Lifeguards Approach
Having observed a child appearing to be under 5 not wearing a wrist band The script assumes that the child identified as not having a wristband, 'is' under 5. If it turns out that they are not under 5 as determined by the question "How old are they" the conversation ends with a "thank you" and the LG moving on.“Hello Mum” [or “Dad”]
“Is this little one yours?”
“How old are they may I ask?”
“Did you get a wristband for them?” “I can get you one if you like”
“Children under 5 are our customer at greatest risk. We have less than 20 seconds to identify that they are in difficulty. Could I ask you to put it on them please?”
“I wonder if you are aware that you or another adult is required to be in the water with your child and in arms reach at all times?”
“Could you do me a big favor and arrange for yourself or someone over 16 to be in the water with your child even if they are just wading with them and keeping them in arms reach?”
Notes on A Lifeguards Approach
{The use of "Mum or Dad" as a form of address is almost universally accepted positively, regardless of the relationship of the child to the carer. If there is a correction needed the carer is nearly always happy to provide the correction without feeling offended.}{You must wait for a response at the end of each question! Even if you are sure you know the answer. You need to be respectful. Doing anything else is just presumptive and rude and will almost always result in negative reactions}
{When offering to make arrangements for a wristband make sure you do so as necessary. Failing to do so indicates you are not really interested in the child’s safety and if anything happens the consequences could be on your head}
{Giving a reason for your request straight up, stops further questioning and potential confrontation}
{Regardless of the answer to the “I wonder if...” question you always give the response “could you do me a big favor...”}
{Make sure you use the terms “in arms reach” not “in arms length” the latter is too open for misinterpretation}
{Putting things in the form of a request, even if it isn’t one, usually defuses the situation and improves the chances of compliance}
What To Do With Those That Wont
Those that persistently refuse, after every effort has been made to persuade them, must be politely and firmly asked and required to remove their child from the water.Conclusion
I have personally seen a marked improvement in all the bench marks for toddler drowning prevention since the enforcement of wristbands at our pool. In my opinion, particularly in light of the significant anecdotal evidence from both WA and the support that evidence is given by LSV, this should be considered one of the highest priorities that a pool has for implementation and I am please to recommend these suggestions to you.Enjoy
Richard
Richard
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